Keywords
Gypsophila
Habitat
Biodiversity
Tunceli
Turkey
How to Cite
Abstract
56 species belonging to 60 taxa (out of 126 species in the World) of Caryophyllaceae family grows naturally in Turkey with Gypsophila sps L. as the third largest genus. The endemism ratio of the genus is 60% in Turkey. Because Turkey is the gene center of Gypsophila and economically very valuable; determining the geographic distribution and biological characteristics of the taxa is very necessary. They have well-developed roots, that prevent soil erosion. Because of containing saponin (10-25 %) in their root, its extract is used as fire extinguisher, gold polisher, cleaner and softener of delicate fabrics and crispness giving substance for halva. It is also used for making liqueur, herbal cheese, ice cream and some other foods. Some taxa are boron hyper acumulators and vegetative mining can be conducted by hyper accumulation. They are also thought to be the cleaning tools for toxid areas by fitoremediation.
In this study, 12 records from eight Gypsophila taxa were collected around Tunceli. These are G. aucheri Boiss. (1), G. elegans Bieb. (1), G. pallida Stapf. (2), G. perfoliata L. var. perfoliata (1), G. ruscifolia Boiss. (3), G. sphaerocephala Fenzl ex Tchihat var. cappadocica Boiss. (1), G. venusta Fenzl (1) and G. viscosa Murray (2). With addition of G. briquetiana Schischk. and G. hispida Boiss. the total number is reaching to 10 and it shows that the city is an important diversity center of the genus. G. aucheri, G. briquetiana and G. sphaerocephala var. cappadocica are endemic to Turkey and G. pallida, G. perfoliata L. var. perfoliata, G. venusta and G. viscosa are determined to be new records for Tunceli.
References
Battal H. 2002. A Research on the production of a soapwort extract. M.Sc. Thesis, Ankara University. Ankara.
Baytop T. 1984. Therapy with medicinal plants in Turkey (Past and Present). İstanbul Üniversitesi Eczacılık FakültesiYayınları, No: 40, İstanbul.
Çelik A, Özçelik H, Özmen İ, Özgökçe F, Korkmaz M and Muca B. 2008. Türkiye Gypsophila L. ve Ankyropetalum Fenzl (Caryophyllaceae) Cinslerinin Revizyonuve Saponin Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. TUBITAK; TBAG ProjeNo:107T147.
Davis PH, Cullen J and Coode MJE. 1967. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. 2: 149-171.
Davis PH, Mill RR and Tan K. 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 10, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T and Başer KHC. 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press. 11: 49.
Ekim T, Koyuncu M, Vural M, Duman H, Aytaç Z and Adıgüzel N. 2000. Red Data Book of Turkish Plants (Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta).The Council of Protecting the Turkish Nature Press, Ankara.
Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M and Babaç MT. 2012. A Check List of the Flora of Turkey (Vascular Plants). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesive Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını, İstanbul.
H´erold MC and Henry M. 2001. UDP-Glucuronosyl transferase activity is correlated to saponin production in Gypsophila paniculata root in vitro cultures. Biotechnology Letters. 23: 335–337.
İnan M. 2006. Çukurova Koşullarında Farklı Kökenli Gypsophila L. Türlerinde Kök Verimlerive Saponinİçeriklerinin Araştırılması, Ph.D Thesis, Çukurova University, Adana.
Kılıç CS, Koyuncu M and Güvenç A. 2008. Soaproot Yielding Plants of East Anatolia and Their Potential in Nature. Turkish Journal of Botany.32(6):489- 494.
Korkmaz M, Özçelik H and Özgökçe F. 2010. Economic Importance and Using Purposes of Gypsophila L. and Ankyropetalum Fenzl (Caryophyllaceae) Genera of Türkiye. Second International Syposium on Sustainable Development 8-9 June 2010, Sarajevo.
Korkmaz M and Özçelik H. 2011a. Economic Importances of Gypsophila L., Ankyropetalum Fenzl and Saponaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) Taxa of Turkey. African journal of Biotechnology. 10(47):9533-9541.
Korkmaz M and Özçelik H. 2011b. Türkiye’nin Gypsophila (Caryophyllaceae) Taksonlarının Sistematikve Morfolojik Özelliklerine Katkılar, Süleyman Demirel Üninersitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Dergisi. 15 (3):148-160.
Koyuncu M and Arslan N. 2009. Munzur Vadisi’nin Biyolojik Çeşitliliğinin Korunması. Ulaşılabilir Yaşam Derneği, Ankara.
Özçelik H and Özgökçe F. 1996. Taxonomic Contributions to Genus Gypsophila L.
(Caryophyllaceae) from East Anatolia (Turkey). In: Ozturk MA, Secmen O, Gork G ed(s). Plant life in southwest and central Asia: vol.1. Izmir, Turkiye: Ege University Press pp.195-209.
Özçelik H and Özgökçe F. 1999. Gypsophila bitlisensis Bark. ve Gypsophila elegans Bieb. Üzerinde Morfolojik, Taksonomikve Ekolojik Araştırmalar, 1st International Symposium on Protection of Natural Enviroment and Ehrami Karaçam, Kütahya, Türkiye, pp. 295-313.
Özhatay N, Bayfield A and Atay S. 2005. Türkiye’nin 122 Önemli Bitki Alanı. WWF Türkiye Doğal Hayatı Koruma Vakfı, İstanbul.
Polat R, Çakılcıoğlu U, Ertuğ F and Satıl F. 2012. An evaluation of ethnobotanical studies in Eastern Anatolia, Biological Diversity and Conservation. 5(2):23-40.
Sameh SA, Samir A, Hessini K, Abdelly C, Lachaal M and Soltani A. 2011. Effects of soil properties on water and mineral nutrition of Beta macrocarpa Guss. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 43(6): 2861-2868.
Sezik E. 1982. The Origin and the Quality of the Turkish Soaproots. Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy. 12(1.2): 41-64.
Sumaira S, Mir AK, Akbar AM and Asma J. 2008. Pollen morphology of the Genus Silene (Silene-Caryopyllaceae) from Pakistan, Biological Diversity and Conservation. 1: 74–85.
Tuzlacı E, Doğan A. 2010. Turkish folk medicinal plants, IX: Ovacık (Tunceli), Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal. 14(3):136-143.
Williams FN. 1989. Revision of the specific forms of the Genus Gypsophila L. Journal of Botany. 27: 321–329.
Yıldırımlı Ş. 1995. Flora of Munzur Dağları (Erzincan-Tunceli). OT Sistematik Botanik Dergisi. 2(1): 1-78.
Yıldırımlı Ş. 1985. Vernacular names and some usages of plants of the Munzur Mountains, Doğa Bilim Dergisi. 2(9): 593-597.
Yıldırımlı Ş. 1991. Munzur Dağlarının tıbbi ve endüstriyel bitkileri, Fırat Havzası Tıbbi ve Endüstriyel Bitkileri Sempozyumu, Ankara. pp. 83-102.
Yıldırımlı Ş. 1994a. Local names of some plants from Munzur Mountains (Erzincan–Tunceli) and the uses of a few of them (II). İbid. 1(2): 43-46.
Yıldırımlı Ş. 1994b. Munzur Dağlarının (Erzincan-Tunceli) ağaç ve çalı türleri ile bunların kullanım değerleri. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi. 1(1): 23-40.
Copyright license for the research articles published in Journal of Research in Biology are as per the license given below
Creative Commons License
Journal of Research in Ecology is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). (www.creativecommons.org)
Based on a work at www.jresearchbiology.com
What this License explains us?
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
for any purpose, even commercially.
This license is acceptable for Free Cultural Works. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
[As given in the www.creativecommons.org website]
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.