Keywords
Correlation
Germination percentage
Seed germination
Seedling fresh weight
Germination percentage
Seed germination
Seedling fresh weight
How to Cite
Modoodi, M. N., Nastari-Nasrabadi, H., Moradi, M., & Saberali, S. F. (2019). Interaction effect between humic acid and salicylic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of Capsicum annuum under salt stress. Journal of Research in Biology, 9(3), 2675-2684. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/index.php/jrb/article/view/495
Abstract
In order to investigate the interaction effects of humic acid and salicylic acid on seedling growth of sweet peppers under different salinity stresses, a factorial experiment was carried out based on complete randomized design with three replications. Salinity factor was at six levels (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mM of NaCl), salicylic acid at three levels (0, 0.5 and 1 mM) and humic acid at two levels (0 and 1.5 g/L). Results showed that germination percentage and shoot length were significantly decreased by increasing salinity, but the highest root length, seedling fresh weight, germination rate and seedling vigor were recorded in 30 mM of NaCl. In all stress levels, germination parameters were increased by salicylic acid and humic acid, and a positive cum significant correlation was observed between germination rate with seedlings and root length. According to the results, it can be recommended for the pre-treatment of sweet pepper seeds with 1 mM salicylic acid and 1.5 g of humic acid to obtain resistant and uniform seedlings under salt stress conditions.
References
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Bagheri Kazem Abadi E, Sarmadnia Gh and Hajra-soli Sh. 1997. Reply sowing population to drought and salinity at germination stage. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 7(2): 222-230. (In Persian).
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Dantus BF, Ribeiro L and Aragao CA. 2005. Physio-logical response of cowpea seeds to salinity stress. Revista Brasileria de Sementes, 27(1): 144–148.
El-Tayeb MA. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation, 45(3): 215-22.
Fariduddin Q, Hayat S and Ahmad A. 2003. Salicylic acid influences net photosynthetic rate, carboxylation efficiency, nitrate reductase activity and seed yield in Brssica Juncea Photosynthetica, 41(2): 281-284.
Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D and Basra SMA. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mecha-nisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29(1): 185-212.
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Ghasemi JE and Khoramivafa M. 2012. Effect of pretreatment of salicylic acid on germination and seed-ling properties Callendulla officinalis in salt stress con-dition. Plant Production Technology, 4(2): 57-70.
Jack H and Evans M. 2000. Humic acid seed and sub-strate treatments promote seedling root development. American Society for Horticulture Science, 35(7): 1231-1233.
Kauser A, Malik F and Azam F. 1985. Effect of hu-mic acid on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling growth. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 25(3): 245-252.
Katergi N, Van Hoorn JW, Hamdy A, Karam F and Mastrortilli M. 1994. Effect of salinity on water stress, growth, and yield of maize and sunflower. Agricultural Water Management, 30(3): 81-91.
Khan W, Prithiviraj B and Smith DL. 2003. Photo-synthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar appli-cation of salicylates. Journal of Plant Physiology, 160(5): 485-492.
Khavari-nejad R and Asadi A. 2006. The effect of salicylic acid on some of the secondary metabolites sap-onins and anthocynins and induction of antimicrobial resistance in the medicinal plant Bellis perennis L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 21(4): 553-587.
Khodary SEA. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt-stressed maize plant. International Journal of Agri-culture Biology, 8530(1): 5-8.
Koo ES. 2006. Humic acid or fulvic acid: which organ-ic acid accelerates the germination of the green mung-beans. California State Science Fair, 1617 P.
Larque SA. 1979. Stomatal closer in response to ace-talsalicylic acid treatment. Zeitschribt fur Pflanzenphys-iol, 93(4): 371-375.
Livington NJ and De Jong E. 1990. Matrix and osmot-ic potential effects on seedling emergence at different temperatures. Agronomy Journal, 82(5): 995-998.
Malik KA and Azam F. 1985. Effect of humic acid on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling growth. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 25(3): 245-252.
Munns R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25(3): 239-250.
Nun NB, Plakhine D, Joel DM and Mayer AM. 2003. Changes in the activity of the alternative oxidase in oro-banche seeds during conditioning and their possible physiological function. Phytochemistry, 64(1): 235–241.
Orlovsky NS, Japakova UN, Shulgina I and Volis S. 2011. Comparative study of seed germination and growth of Kochia prostrata and Kochia scoparia (Chenopodiaceae) under salinity. Journal of Arid Envi-ronments, 75(6): 532–537.
Paksoy M, Turkmen O and Dursun A. 2010. Effects of potassium and humic acid on emergence, growth and nutrient contents of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seedling under saline soil conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(33): 5343-5346.
Puppala N, Poindexter JL and Bhardwaj HL. 1999. Evaluation of salinity tolerance of canola germination. perspectives on new crops and new uses, ASHS Press, 251–253 P.
Raskin I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 43: 439-463.
Rohani NS, Nemati SH and Moghaddam M. 2014. Effect of humic acid on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics of three cultivars of radish in salinity stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 3(4): 29-41.
Sabzevari S, Khazaee H and Kafi M. 2010. Effect of humic acid on four autumn and spring wheat germina-tion. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8(3): 473-480.
Sebahattin A and Necdet C. 2005. Effects of different levels and application times of humic acid on root and leaf yield and yield components of forage Turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Agronomy, 4(2): 130-133.
Serraj R and Sinclair TR. 2002. Osmolyte accumula-tion: can it really help increase crop yield under drought conditions. Plant Cell Environment, 25(2): 333-341.
Shah J. 2003. The salicylic acid loop in plant defense. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6(4): 365–371.
Sharikova F, Sakhabutdinova A, Bezrukova M, Fatkhutdinova R and Fatkhutdinova D. 2003. Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seedling induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Science, 164(3): 317-322.
Singh B and Usha K. 2003. Salicylic acid induced physiological and biochemical changes in wheat seed-lings under water stress. Plant Growth Regulation, 39(2): 137-141.
Stephan WK and Charles WJ. 1994. Experimentation with Arkansas lignite to identify organic soil supple-ments suitable to regional agricultural needs. Proposal, Arkansas Tech University.
Taheri S, Barzegar T and Zoeam ZA. 2017. Effect of salicylic acid pre-treatment on cucumber and watermel-on seeds germination under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 3(4): 15-27. (In Persian).
Wang L, Chen S, Kong W, Li S and Archbold DD. 2006. Salicylic acid pretreatment alleviates chilling in-jury and affects the antioxidant system and heat shock proteins of peaches during cold storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41(3): 244-251.
Asgharipour MR and Rafiei M. 2011. The effect of different concentrations of humic acid on seed germina-tion behavior and vigor of barley. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(12): 610-613.
Azad H, Fazeli-nasab B and Sobhanizadeh A. 2017. A study into the effect of jasmonic and humic acids on some germination characteristics of Rosselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seed under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 4(1): 1-18.
Azam F and Mauk KA. 1983. Effect of humic acid soaking of seeds on seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different conditions. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 15(1): 31-38.
Abdul Qados AMS. 2011. Effect of salt stress on plant growth and metabolism of bean plant Vicia faba L. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 10(1): 7-15.
Bagheri Kazem Abadi E, Sarmadnia Gh and Hajra-soli Sh. 1997. Reply sowing population to drought and salinity at germination stage. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 7(2): 222-230. (In Persian).
Chang C, Wang B, Shi L, Li Y, Duo L and Zhang W. 2010. Alleviation of salt stress-induced inhibition of seed germination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by ethylene and glutamate. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167(14): 1152–1156.
Dantus BF, Ribeiro L and Aragao CA. 2005. Physio-logical response of cowpea seeds to salinity stress. Revista Brasileria de Sementes, 27(1): 144–148.
El-Tayeb MA. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation, 45(3): 215-22.
Fariduddin Q, Hayat S and Ahmad A. 2003. Salicylic acid influences net photosynthetic rate, carboxylation efficiency, nitrate reductase activity and seed yield in Brssica Juncea Photosynthetica, 41(2): 281-284.
Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D and Basra SMA. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mecha-nisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29(1): 185-212.
Grieve CM, Lesch S, Francois LE and Maas EW. 1992. Analysis of main-spike yield components in salt stressed wheat. Crop Science, 32(3): 697-703.
Ghasemi JE and Khoramivafa M. 2012. Effect of pretreatment of salicylic acid on germination and seed-ling properties Callendulla officinalis in salt stress con-dition. Plant Production Technology, 4(2): 57-70.
Jack H and Evans M. 2000. Humic acid seed and sub-strate treatments promote seedling root development. American Society for Horticulture Science, 35(7): 1231-1233.
Kauser A, Malik F and Azam F. 1985. Effect of hu-mic acid on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling growth. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 25(3): 245-252.
Katergi N, Van Hoorn JW, Hamdy A, Karam F and Mastrortilli M. 1994. Effect of salinity on water stress, growth, and yield of maize and sunflower. Agricultural Water Management, 30(3): 81-91.
Khan W, Prithiviraj B and Smith DL. 2003. Photo-synthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar appli-cation of salicylates. Journal of Plant Physiology, 160(5): 485-492.
Khavari-nejad R and Asadi A. 2006. The effect of salicylic acid on some of the secondary metabolites sap-onins and anthocynins and induction of antimicrobial resistance in the medicinal plant Bellis perennis L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 21(4): 553-587.
Khodary SEA. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt-stressed maize plant. International Journal of Agri-culture Biology, 8530(1): 5-8.
Koo ES. 2006. Humic acid or fulvic acid: which organ-ic acid accelerates the germination of the green mung-beans. California State Science Fair, 1617 P.
Larque SA. 1979. Stomatal closer in response to ace-talsalicylic acid treatment. Zeitschribt fur Pflanzenphys-iol, 93(4): 371-375.
Livington NJ and De Jong E. 1990. Matrix and osmot-ic potential effects on seedling emergence at different temperatures. Agronomy Journal, 82(5): 995-998.
Malik KA and Azam F. 1985. Effect of humic acid on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling growth. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 25(3): 245-252.
Munns R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25(3): 239-250.
Nun NB, Plakhine D, Joel DM and Mayer AM. 2003. Changes in the activity of the alternative oxidase in oro-banche seeds during conditioning and their possible physiological function. Phytochemistry, 64(1): 235–241.
Orlovsky NS, Japakova UN, Shulgina I and Volis S. 2011. Comparative study of seed germination and growth of Kochia prostrata and Kochia scoparia (Chenopodiaceae) under salinity. Journal of Arid Envi-ronments, 75(6): 532–537.
Paksoy M, Turkmen O and Dursun A. 2010. Effects of potassium and humic acid on emergence, growth and nutrient contents of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seedling under saline soil conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(33): 5343-5346.
Puppala N, Poindexter JL and Bhardwaj HL. 1999. Evaluation of salinity tolerance of canola germination. perspectives on new crops and new uses, ASHS Press, 251–253 P.
Raskin I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 43: 439-463.
Rohani NS, Nemati SH and Moghaddam M. 2014. Effect of humic acid on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics of three cultivars of radish in salinity stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 3(4): 29-41.
Sabzevari S, Khazaee H and Kafi M. 2010. Effect of humic acid on four autumn and spring wheat germina-tion. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8(3): 473-480.
Sebahattin A and Necdet C. 2005. Effects of different levels and application times of humic acid on root and leaf yield and yield components of forage Turnip (Brassica rapa L.). Agronomy, 4(2): 130-133.
Serraj R and Sinclair TR. 2002. Osmolyte accumula-tion: can it really help increase crop yield under drought conditions. Plant Cell Environment, 25(2): 333-341.
Shah J. 2003. The salicylic acid loop in plant defense. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6(4): 365–371.
Sharikova F, Sakhabutdinova A, Bezrukova M, Fatkhutdinova R and Fatkhutdinova D. 2003. Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seedling induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Science, 164(3): 317-322.
Singh B and Usha K. 2003. Salicylic acid induced physiological and biochemical changes in wheat seed-lings under water stress. Plant Growth Regulation, 39(2): 137-141.
Stephan WK and Charles WJ. 1994. Experimentation with Arkansas lignite to identify organic soil supple-ments suitable to regional agricultural needs. Proposal, Arkansas Tech University.
Taheri S, Barzegar T and Zoeam ZA. 2017. Effect of salicylic acid pre-treatment on cucumber and watermel-on seeds germination under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 3(4): 15-27. (In Persian).
Wang L, Chen S, Kong W, Li S and Archbold DD. 2006. Salicylic acid pretreatment alleviates chilling in-jury and affects the antioxidant system and heat shock proteins of peaches during cold storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41(3): 244-251.
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