Efficacy of the plant products Acorus calamus, Piper longum, and Econeem against the Larvae of Tobacco Caterpillar Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Abstract
Larvicidal efficiency of ethanolic extracts of Acorus calamus, Piper longum and Econeem (neem product) were tested against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura by leaf disc assay method. The results related to Acorus calamus extract was more effective against all stages of larval forms (I to VI instars) followed by Econeem and Piper longum. Moreover, the first instar forms were quite sensitive to all the three treatments and the percentage mortality was ranged from 62.40% to 90.30% after 48 hours. Likewise, the high concentration (25%) of plant product reduced the maximum larval population density and it was 74.80% at 5% level. Low larval mortality was evident in the late stage larvae. Initial feeding inhibition, and prolonged larval period were observed in the Acorus calamus and Econeem treated S. litura larvae and deformed pupal formation were observed in the treated VI instar forms after 6 days
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