Biofiltration Efficiency of Three Sea Weed Species
Keywords:
Seaweed, Waste water, Aquaculture, Biofilteration, Gracilaria crassa
Abstract
Rising global demand for seafood and declining catches have resulted in the volume of aquaculture doubling each decade, a growth expected by the FAO to persist in the decades to come. The use of technologies with economical and environmental sustainability would influence aquaculture growth. In aquaculture, feed accounts for about half the cost in current high-volume fed mono-species culture such as in fish net pens or shrimp/fish ponds with most of this feed going as waste or uneaten. As a result, immense impact on the environment, hampers the further growth of aquaculture. In traditional polyculture systems, the nutrient-assimilating photoautotrophic plants use solar energy to turn nutrient-rich effluents into profitable resources and improve to a large extent the aquatic environment. Additionally some of these aquatic plants are commercially exploited for the preparation of various products. Thus the dual role of some of these aquatic plants can be effectively used in shrimp aquaculture ponds in the maintenance of good water quality through regulating toxic gases such as ammonia and nitrite and hence improve the shrimp production. A study was conducted to evaluate different marine algal species with respect to good water quality maintenance. The study showed that Gracilaria crassa can improve water quality more effectively compared to Ulva reticulate and Enteromorpha in all the three water systems namely sea water, pond water and shrimp culture effluent water.
References
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Wong KH, Peter CK. Cheung. 2000. Seaweeds: Part I—proximate composition, amino acid profiles and some physico-chemical properties. Food Chem., 71:475-482.
Seema C and Reeta Jayasankar. 2005. Removal of nitrogen load in the experimental culture system of seaweed and shrimp, Journal of Mar Biol. Ass. India, 47 (2):150-153.
Shpigel M, Lee J, Soohoo B, Friedman R and Gordin H. 1993. The use of outflow water from fish ponds as a good source for pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Thunberg.Aquac.Fish.Manage. 24:529-543.
Solorzano L. 1969. Determination of ammonia in natural water by the phenol hypochlorite method.Limnol.Oceanogr.14:799-801.
Strickland JD and Parson TR. 1972. A pratctical handbook of sea water analysis, 2nd, Bull,Fish.Res. Bd.Can. 167.
Tacon AGJ and Foster IP. 2003. Global trend and challenges to aquaculture and aquafeed development in the New Millennium. International Aqua Feed Directory and Buyers Guide, Turret, RAIPLC,Uxbridge, 4-24.
Thongrod S, Tamtin M, Boonyaratpalin M. 2003. Lipid to carbohydrate ratio in donkey’s ear abalone (Haliotis asinina, Linne) diets. Aquaculture. 225:165-174.
Toru Shimoda, Emma Suryati and Taufic Aahmad. 2006. Evaluation in aShirmp aquaculture system using mangroves, Oysters and Seaweed as biofilter based on the concentration of Nutrients and chlorophyll a, JARQ.40(2):189-193.
Troell M, Halling C, Nilsson A, Buschmann AH, Kautsky N and Kautsky L. 1999. Integratedmarine Cultivation of Gracilaria chilensis (Gracilariales, Bangiophyceae) and salmon cages for reduced environment impact and increased economic out put. Aquaculture. 156:45-61.
Bligh EG and Dyer WJ. 1959. A rapid method for total lipid extraction and purification.Can.J.Biochem. Physiol. 37:911-917.
Bradford MM. 1976. A rapid sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72:248-254.
Chen S, Ling J and Blancheton JP. 2006. Nitrification kinetic of biofilm as affected by water quality factor.Aquacuulture Enginnering. 34:179-197.
Cohen I and Neori M. 1991. Ulva lactuca biofilter for marine fishponds effluents and Ammonium uptake kinetics and nitrogen content,Bot.Mar. 34:475-482.
De-Boer J and Ryther J. 1977. Potential yields from a waste recycling algal mariculture system. In: The Marine Plant Biomass of the Pacific Northwest Coast, R.W. Krauss (ed.). Oregon State University Press, Oregon . 231-248.
Durazo-Beltra´n E, Viana MT, DVAbramo LR, Toro-Va´zquez JF. 2004. Effects of starvation and dietary lipid on the lipid and fatty acid composition of muscle tissue of juvenile green abalone (Haliotis fulgens). Aquaculture. 238:329-341.
FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2004. ‖The state of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA): 2004‖ "http://www.fao.org"http://www.fao.org Retrieved April 29.2006.
FAO. 2006. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. Report of the thirteenth session. Istanbul, Turkey, 24–27 January 2006. GFCM Report No. 30. Rome. 56.
FAO. 2009. The state of the world Fisheriers and Aquaculture.Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Rome 978-92-5-106029-2.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2007. The state of world Fisheries and aquaculture.
Haglund K and Pedersen M. 1993. Outdoor pond cultivation of the subtropical marine red alga Gracilaria teniustipata in brackish water in Sweden. Growth, nutrients uptake, co-cultivation with rainbow trout and epiphyte control. J. App. Phycol., 5: 271-284.
Harlin MM, Thorne-Miller B and Thursby BG. 1979. Ammonium uptake by Gracilaria sp. (Florideophycea) and Ulva lactuca (Chlorophycea) in closed system fish culture. In: Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. IX, Jensen, A. and Stein, R. (eds). Science Press, Princeton. 285-293.
Jiménez del Río M, Ramazanov Z and García-Reina G. 1996. Ulva rigida (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) tank culture as biofilters for dissolved inorganic nitrogen from fishpond effluents. Hydrobiologia. 326-327:61-66.
Losordo TM and Westers H. 1994. ‖Syatem carrying capacity and flow estimation ―.Aquaculture water Reuse Syatem:Engineering Deisgn and Management.27-29.
Mabeau S, Fleurence J. 1993. Seaweed in food products:biochemical and nutritional aspects. Trends Food Sci. Technol., 4:103-107.
Mai K, Mercer JP, Donlon J. 1995. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone, Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino: III. Response of abalone to various levels of dietary lipid. Aquaculture. 134:65-80.
Mmochi AJ, Dubi AM, Mamboya FA and Mwandya AW. 2002. Effects of fish culture on water quality of an integrated mariculture pond system. Western Indian Ocean J. Mar. Sci., 1:53-63.
Neori A, Chopin T, Troell M, Buschmann AH, Kraemer GP, Halling G, Shpigel M and Yarish C. 2004. Integrated aquaculture: rationale, evolution and state of the art emphasizing seaweed biofiltration in modern aquaculture. Aquaculture .231:362-391.
Neori A, Krom MD, Ellner SP, Boyd CE, Popper D, Rabiovitch R, Davison PJ, Dvir O, Zuber D, Ucko M, Angel D and Gordin H. 1996. Sea weed biofilters as regulators of water quality in integrated fish seaweed culture units.Aquaculture.141:183-199.
Neori A, Shpigel M and Ben-Ezra D. 2000. A sustainable integratedsystem for culture of fish, Aquaculture. 186:279-291.
Read P and Frenandes T. 2003. Management of environmental impacts of marine aquaculture in Europe.Aquaculture.226:139-163.
Rijn J and Rivera. 1990. The potential for integrated biological treatment systems in recalculating fish culture –a review, Aquaculture .139:181-201.
Rosenberg G and Ramus J. 1984. Uptake of inorganic nitrogen and seaweed surface area: Volume ratio,Aquat.Bot.19:65-72.
Sato H, Okabe N, Watanabe Y. 2000. Significance of substrate C/N ration on structure and activity of nitrifying biofilms determined by in situ hybridization and the use of microelectrodes, Water Sci.Technol.41:317-321.
Schramm W. 1991. Factors influencing seaweed responses to eutrophication : some result from EU-Project EUMAC. Journal .Appl.Phycol.11:69-78.
Wong KH, Peter CK. Cheung. 2000. Seaweeds: Part I—proximate composition, amino acid profiles and some physico-chemical properties. Food Chem., 71:475-482.
Seema C and Reeta Jayasankar. 2005. Removal of nitrogen load in the experimental culture system of seaweed and shrimp, Journal of Mar Biol. Ass. India, 47 (2):150-153.
Shpigel M, Lee J, Soohoo B, Friedman R and Gordin H. 1993. The use of outflow water from fish ponds as a good source for pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Thunberg.Aquac.Fish.Manage. 24:529-543.
Solorzano L. 1969. Determination of ammonia in natural water by the phenol hypochlorite method.Limnol.Oceanogr.14:799-801.
Strickland JD and Parson TR. 1972. A pratctical handbook of sea water analysis, 2nd, Bull,Fish.Res. Bd.Can. 167.
Tacon AGJ and Foster IP. 2003. Global trend and challenges to aquaculture and aquafeed development in the New Millennium. International Aqua Feed Directory and Buyers Guide, Turret, RAIPLC,Uxbridge, 4-24.
Thongrod S, Tamtin M, Boonyaratpalin M. 2003. Lipid to carbohydrate ratio in donkey’s ear abalone (Haliotis asinina, Linne) diets. Aquaculture. 225:165-174.
Toru Shimoda, Emma Suryati and Taufic Aahmad. 2006. Evaluation in aShirmp aquaculture system using mangroves, Oysters and Seaweed as biofilter based on the concentration of Nutrients and chlorophyll a, JARQ.40(2):189-193.
Troell M, Halling C, Nilsson A, Buschmann AH, Kautsky N and Kautsky L. 1999. Integratedmarine Cultivation of Gracilaria chilensis (Gracilariales, Bangiophyceae) and salmon cages for reduced environment impact and increased economic out put. Aquaculture. 156:45-61.
Published
2012-05-31
How to Cite
A, N., P, M., & Seepana, S. (2012). Biofiltration Efficiency of Three Sea Weed Species. Journal of Research in Biology, 2(4), 338-347. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/222
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Articles
