Effect of starvation period on growth performances and survival of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758)
Keywords:
Cyprinus carpio, growth performances, survival, starvation
Abstract
Starvation is one of the problems that the fish may encounter in course of its life. This study was conducted for six weeks at two groups and three replications as follows: Group A: Starvation in six weeks and Group B: Feeding in six weeks with three times a day at 08:00, 12:00 and 16:00 h. Feeding rate was equal to 10 % of body weight for group A. The physical and chemical factors were so controlled through the experiment that the amount of dissolved oxygen was fixed up to 6 ppm, the temperature 28 ± 2°C and pH 7.8 to 8.1. Results showed significant effects in Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Body Weight Index (BWI %), Growth Rate (GR), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Condition Factor (CF) and survival (P<0.05). The results showed that there are significant differences with regard to the amount of body weight and body length of fingerlings in two groups (P<0.05). Result of this study showed that increasing of starvation period decrease growth and survival in Cyprinus carpio.
References
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Qiu JW and Qian PY. 1997. Combined effects of salinity, temperature,and food concentration on the early development of the polychaeteHydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883). Mar. Ecol., Prog. Ser, 152:79-88.
Roberts RD, Lapworth C and Barker RJ. 2001. Effect of starvation on the growth and survival of post-larval abalone (Haliotis iris). Aquaculture 200:323-338.
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Xie S and Yang Y. 2004. Compensatory growth and food consumption in gibel carp, Carassius auratu sgibelio, and chinese long snout catfish, Leiocassis longirostris experiencingcycles of feed deprivation and refeeding. Aquaculture 241:235-247.
Zhuang P, Zhang LZ, Zhang T, Zhang Z and Cao WX. 1999. Effects of delaying first feeding time on the survival and growth of larval Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis. Acta Hydrobiol. Sin. 23 (6):560-565 (In Chinese).
Amara R and Galois R. 2004. Nutritional condition of metamorphosing sole: spatial and temporal analyses. J. Fish Biol., 64:72-88.
Anil AC, Chiba K, Okamoto K and Kurokura K. 1995. Influence oftemperature and salinity on the larval development of Balanusamphitrite: implications in the fouling ecology. Mar. Ecol., Prog.Ser, 118:159-166.
Anil AC and Dattesh D. 1997. Starvation threshold of Balanusamphitrite larvae in relation to temperature. Emerging Non-Metallic Materials for the Marine Environment. Proceedings ofUS- Pacific Rim workshop, Hawaii, USA, section P, US Office ofNaval Research (ONR). Asia Office, Tokyo, Japan: 12-23.
Bao BL, Su JX and Yin MC. 1998. Effect of delayed feeding on feeding ability, survival and growth of red sea bream and olive flounder larvae during early development. J. Fish. Chin. 22(1):33–38 (In Chinese).
Bélanger F, Blier PU and Dutil JD. 2002. Digestive capacity compensatory growth in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Fish Physiol. Biochem., 26:121-128.
Biswas G, Thirunavukkarasu AR, Sundaray JK and Kailasam M. 2010. Optimization of feeding frequency of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) fry reared in net cages under brackishwater environment. Aquaculture, 305:26-31.
Fenaux L, Strathmann MF and Strathmann RR. 1994. Five tests of food-limited growth of larvae in coastal waters by comparisons of rates of development and form of echinoplutei. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39:84-89.
Furné M, García-Gallego M, Hidalgo MC, Morales AE, Domezain A, Domezain J and Sanz A. 2008. Effect of starvation and refeeding on digestive enzyme activities in sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii) and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A, 149:420-425.
Hung SSO, Lutes PB and Storebakken T. 1989. Growth and feed efficiency of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) sub yearling at different feeding rates. Aquaculture 80:147-153.
Islam Md S and Tanaka M. 2005. Nutritional condition, starvation status and growth of early juvenile Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) related to prey distribution and feeding in the nursery ground. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 323:172-183.
Larsson A and Lewander K. 1973. Metabolic effects of starvation in the eel, Anguilla anguilla L. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A, 44:367-374.
McLeese JM and Moon TW. 1989. Seasonal changes in the intestinal mucosa for winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum), from Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick. J. Fish Biol., 35:381-393.
McEdward LR, Qian PY. 2001. Effects of the duration and timing of starvation during larval life on the metamorphosis and initial juvenile size of the polychaete Hydroides elegans (Haswell). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 261:185-197.
Mehner T and Wieser W. 1994. Energetic and metabolic correlates of starvation in juvenile perch (Perca fluviatilis). J. Fish Biol., 45:325-333.
Mohammad Nejad Shamoushaki M. 2012. Effect of feeding frequency on growth performances and survival of Rutilus rutilus caspicus. Journal of research in Biology 2(3):184-189.
Navarro I and Gutiérrez J. 1995. Fasting and starvation. In: Hochachka, P.W., Mommsen, T.P. (Eds.), Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Fishes. Metabolic Biochemistry, vol. 4. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 393-434.
Olivereau M and Olivereau JM. 1997. Long-term starvation in the European eel: general effects and responses of pituitary growth hormone-(GH) and somatostatin-(SL) secreting cells. Fish Physiol. Biochem., 17:261-269.
Olson RR and Olson MH. 1989. Food limitation of planktrophicmarine invertebrate larvae: does it control recruitment success?Ann. Rev. Ecolog. Syst, 20:225-247.
Paul AJ and Paul JM. 1980. The effects of early starvation on later feedingsuccess of king crab zoeae. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 44:247-251.
Pechenik JA and Cerulii T. 1991. Influence of delayed metamorphosis on survival, growth, and reproduction of the marine polychaete Capitella sp. I. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 151:17-27.
Pérez-Jiménez A, Guedes MJ. Morales AE and Oliva-Teles A. 2007. Metabolic responses to short starvation and refeeding in Dicentrarchus labrax. Effect of dietary composition. Aquaculture 265: 325-335.
Qiu JW and Qian PY. 1997. Combined effects of salinity, temperature,and food concentration on the early development of the polychaeteHydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883). Mar. Ecol., Prog. Ser, 152:79-88.
Roberts RD, Lapworth C and Barker RJ. 2001. Effect of starvation on the growth and survival of post-larval abalone (Haliotis iris). Aquaculture 200:323-338.
Ronyai A, Peteri A and Radics F. 1990. Cross breeding of starlet and Lena river sturgeon. Aquaculture 6:13-18.
Sheng J, Lin Q, Chen Q, Shen L and Lu J. 2007. Effect of starvation on the initiation of feeding, growth and survival rate of juvenile seahorses, Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach and Hippocampus kuda Bleeker. Aquaculture 271:469-478.
Xie S and Yang Y. 2004. Compensatory growth and food consumption in gibel carp, Carassius auratu sgibelio, and chinese long snout catfish, Leiocassis longirostris experiencingcycles of feed deprivation and refeeding. Aquaculture 241:235-247.
Zhuang P, Zhang LZ, Zhang T, Zhang Z and Cao WX. 1999. Effects of delaying first feeding time on the survival and growth of larval Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis. Acta Hydrobiol. Sin. 23 (6):560-565 (In Chinese).
Published
2012-06-25
How to Cite
Assareh, R., Shamoushaki, M. M. N., Langroodi, H. F., & Ravari, A. K. (2012). Effect of starvation period on growth performances and survival of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of Research in Biology, 2(5), 418-423. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/233
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