Vermicomposting of water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipies Mart. (Solms)] employing native and exotic earthworm species
Keywords:
Vermicomposting, Water hyacinth, biomanagement, Perionyx excavatus, Eudrilus eugeniae
Abstract
A laboratory experiment on vermicomposting of water hyacinth was carried out in two seasonal trials covering summer and winter period. The indigenous and exotic earthworm species Perionyx excavatus and Eudrilus eugeniae respectively were employed during the study and a comparative efficacy between the two vermi species was quantified. The experiment was conducted in earthen pots using the mixture of water hyacinth (WH) and cowdung (CD) in the ratio of 5:1. The results revealed that both the earthworm species can efficiently convert the substrate mixture (i.e. WH+CD) into value added material (i.e. vermicompost) although the Perionyx excavatus showed better efficiency as compared to the Eudrilus eugeniae. The results also revealed that vermicompost of Perionyx excavatus showed higher level of nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) as against Eudrilus eugeniae. There also found to be seasonal influence on the overall vermicomposting process and summer was found to be more productive as compared to the winter.
References
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Gajalakshmi S, Ramaswamy EV, Abbasi SA. 2001. Potential of two epigeic and two anecic earthworm species in vermicomposting of water hyacinth. Bioresour Technol., 76(3):177-181.
Garg VK and Gupta R. 2011. Optimization of cow dung spiked pre-consumer processing vegetable waste for vermicomposting using Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf., 74(1):19-24.
Govindarajan B. Senthilkumar P, Prabakaran V. 2011. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) production and management in Kovilpatti Municipality. Journal of Research in Biology 5: 307-311.
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Jackson ML. 1975. Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. 183-226.
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Raphael K, Velmourougane K. 2010. Chemical and microbiological changes during vermicomposting of coffee pulp using exotic (Eudrilus eugeniae) and native (Perionyx ceylanesis) species. Biodegradation. doi: 10.1007/s10532-010-9422-4.
Sangwan P, Kaushik CP, Garg VK. 2008. Vermiconversion of industrial sludge for recycling the nutrients. Bioresour Technol., 99:8699-8704.
Subramanian S, Sivarajan M, Saravanapriya S. 2010. Chemical changes during vermicomposting of sago industry solid waste. J Hazard Mater. 179:318-322.
Suthar S. 2007. Vermicomposting potential of Perionyx sansibaricus (Perrier) in different waste materials. Bioresour Technol., 98:1231-1237.
Suthar S. 2008. Bioconversion of post harvest crop residues and cattle shed manure into value added products using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinberg. Ecol Eng., 32:206-214.
Suthar S. 2009a. Vermicomposting of vegetable-market solid waste using Eisenia fetida: Impact of bulking material on earthworm growth and decomposition rate. Ecol Eng., 35:914-920.
Suthar S. 2009b. Vermistabilization of municipal sewage sludge amended with sugarcane trash using epigeic Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta). J Hazard Mater. 163:199-206.
Suthar S. 2010a. Recycling of agro-industrial sludge through vermitechnology. Ecol Eng., 36:1028-1036.
Suthar S. 2010b. Pilot-scale vermireactors for sewage sludge stabilization and metal remediation process: Comparison with small-scale vermireactors. Ecol Eng., 36:703-712.
Suthar S and Singh S. 2008. Comparison of some novel polyculture and monoculture vermicomposting reactors to decompose organic wastes. Ecol Eng., 33:210-219.
Suthar S and Singh S. 2008. Comparison of some novel polyculture and monoculture vermicomposting reactors to decompose organic wastes. Ecol Eng., 33:210-219.
Tchobanoglous G, Burton FL. 1999. Wastewater engineering treatment, disposal, and reuse. Tata McGrawHill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi. 13-34.
Tripathi G, Bhardwaj P. 2004. Decomposition of kitchen waste amended with cow manure using an epigeic species (Eisenia fetida) and an anecic species (Lampito mauritti). Bioresour Technol., 92(2):215-218.
Yadav A, Garg VK. 2011a. Recycling of organic waste by employing Eisenia fetida. Bioresour Technol., 102:2874-2880.
Yadav A and Garg VK. 2011b. Vermicomposting -An effective tool for the management of invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus. Bioresour. Technol., 102:5891-5895.
Yadav KD, Tare V, Ahammed MM. 2010. Vermicomposting of source-separated human faeces for nutrient recycling. Waste Manage. 30(1):50-56.
Adi AJ and Noor ZM. 2009. Waste recycling: Utilization of coffee grounds and kitchen waste in vermicomposting. Bioresour Technol., 100:1027-1030.
Deka H, Deka S, Baruah C K, Das J, Hoque S, Sarma NS. 2011a. Vermicomposting of distillation waste of citronella plant (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.) employing Eudrilus eugeniae. Bioresour Technol., 102(13):6944-6950.
Deka H, Deka S, Baruah CK, Das J, Hoque S, Sarma H, Sarma NS. 2011b. Vermicomposting potentiality of Perionyx excavates for recycling of waste biomass of java citronella – an aromatic oil yielding plant. Bioresour Technol., 102(24):11212-11217.
Dominguez J, Edwards CA, Ashby J. 2001. The biology and population dynamics of Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg) (Oligochaeta) in cattle waste solids. Pedobiologia. 45:341-353.
Gajalakshmi S, Ramasamy EV, Abbasi SA. 2002. High rate composting-vermicomposting of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes, Mart. Solms). Bioresour. Technol., 83(3):235-239.
Gajalakshmi S, Ramasamy EV, Abbasi SA. 2002. Vermicomposting of different forms of water hyacinth by the earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae, Kinberg. Bioresour Technol., 82(2):165-169.
Gajalakshmi S, Ramaswamy EV, Abbasi SA. 2001. Potential of two epigeic and two anecic earthworm species in vermicomposting of water hyacinth. Bioresour Technol., 76(3):177-181.
Garg VK and Gupta R. 2011. Optimization of cow dung spiked pre-consumer processing vegetable waste for vermicomposting using Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf., 74(1):19-24.
Govindarajan B. Senthilkumar P, Prabakaran V. 2011. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) production and management in Kovilpatti Municipality. Journal of Research in Biology 5: 307-311.
Gupta R and Garg VK. 2008. Stabilization of primary sewage sludge during vermicomposting. J Hazard Mater. 153:1023-1030.
Jackson ML. 1975. Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi. 183-226.
Khwairakpam M, Bhargava R. 2009a. Bioconversion of filter mud using vermicomposting employing two exotic and one local earthworm species. Bioresour Technol., 100(23):5846-5852.
Khwairakpam M and Bhargava R. 2009b. Vermitechnology for sewage sludge recycling. J Hazard Mater. 161(2-3):948-954.
Kızılkaya R. 2005. The role of different organic wastes on zinc bioaccumulation by earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L. (Oligochaeta) in successive Zn added soil. Ecol Eng., 25(4):322-331.
Lenore S Clesceri, Andrew D Eaton, Arnold E Greenberg, Mary Ann H Franson. APHA. 1996. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19th edition, American Public Health Association (APHA), Washington. 4145-4146.
Nelson DW and Sommers LE. 1982. Total carbon and organic carbon and organic matter. In: Page A L, Miller R H, Keeney D R. (Eds.), Method of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 539-579.
Olugbemiga OS, John OO, Oluwatosin F. 2011. Foliar spray of Earthworm urine to improve Amaranthus growth performance and yield. Journal of Research in Biology. 5:393-398.
Padmavathiamma PK, Li LY, Kumari UR. 2008. An experimental study of vermi-biowaste composting for agricultural soil improvement. Bioresour Technol., 99(6):1672-1681.
Pramanik P, Ghosh GK, Banik P. 2009. Effect of microbial inoculation during vermicomposting of different organic substrates on microbial status and quantification and documentation of acid phosphatase. Waste Manage. 29:574-578.
Raphael K, Velmourougane K. 2010. Chemical and microbiological changes during vermicomposting of coffee pulp using exotic (Eudrilus eugeniae) and native (Perionyx ceylanesis) species. Biodegradation. doi: 10.1007/s10532-010-9422-4.
Sangwan P, Kaushik CP, Garg VK. 2008. Vermiconversion of industrial sludge for recycling the nutrients. Bioresour Technol., 99:8699-8704.
Subramanian S, Sivarajan M, Saravanapriya S. 2010. Chemical changes during vermicomposting of sago industry solid waste. J Hazard Mater. 179:318-322.
Suthar S. 2007. Vermicomposting potential of Perionyx sansibaricus (Perrier) in different waste materials. Bioresour Technol., 98:1231-1237.
Suthar S. 2008. Bioconversion of post harvest crop residues and cattle shed manure into value added products using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinberg. Ecol Eng., 32:206-214.
Suthar S. 2009a. Vermicomposting of vegetable-market solid waste using Eisenia fetida: Impact of bulking material on earthworm growth and decomposition rate. Ecol Eng., 35:914-920.
Suthar S. 2009b. Vermistabilization of municipal sewage sludge amended with sugarcane trash using epigeic Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta). J Hazard Mater. 163:199-206.
Suthar S. 2010a. Recycling of agro-industrial sludge through vermitechnology. Ecol Eng., 36:1028-1036.
Suthar S. 2010b. Pilot-scale vermireactors for sewage sludge stabilization and metal remediation process: Comparison with small-scale vermireactors. Ecol Eng., 36:703-712.
Suthar S and Singh S. 2008. Comparison of some novel polyculture and monoculture vermicomposting reactors to decompose organic wastes. Ecol Eng., 33:210-219.
Suthar S and Singh S. 2008. Comparison of some novel polyculture and monoculture vermicomposting reactors to decompose organic wastes. Ecol Eng., 33:210-219.
Tchobanoglous G, Burton FL. 1999. Wastewater engineering treatment, disposal, and reuse. Tata McGrawHill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi. 13-34.
Tripathi G, Bhardwaj P. 2004. Decomposition of kitchen waste amended with cow manure using an epigeic species (Eisenia fetida) and an anecic species (Lampito mauritti). Bioresour Technol., 92(2):215-218.
Yadav A, Garg VK. 2011a. Recycling of organic waste by employing Eisenia fetida. Bioresour Technol., 102:2874-2880.
Yadav A and Garg VK. 2011b. Vermicomposting -An effective tool for the management of invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus. Bioresour. Technol., 102:5891-5895.
Yadav KD, Tare V, Ahammed MM. 2010. Vermicomposting of source-separated human faeces for nutrient recycling. Waste Manage. 30(1):50-56.
Published
2012-12-22
How to Cite
H, D., S, D., CK, B., P, S., & J, D. (2012). Vermicomposting of water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipies Mart. (Solms)] employing native and exotic earthworm species. Journal of Research in Biology, 2(8), 716-725. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/273
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