Associations of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the Phytoremediation of Trace Metal (TM) Contaminated Soils
Keywords:
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza, Heavy metals, Phytoremediation, Glomus, Paper mill effluents
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) are integral, functioning parts of plant roots, widely recognized as plant growth enhancing beneficial mycobionts and tolerance to variety of stresses such as nutrient, drought, salinity and trace metals (TM). A study was undertaken to access the influence of paper mill effluents on mycorrhizal colonization and mycorrhizal spore count. Plants grown in metal contaminated site were found less mycotrophic than their counterparts on the non-polluted one. Regression analyses revealed that the mycorrhizal colonization and mycorrhizal spore count are significantly and positively correlated with various soil physio-chemical properties in the polluted and non-polluted site. Glomus was the most frequently isolated mycorrhizal species from the polluted site. The isolated indigenous strains of AM can be used for inoculation of plant species that might be used for rehabilitation of contaminated site. The study highlights the potential use of AM as bioremediation agent of polluted soils and as bioindicator of pollution for future research priorities.
References
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Schenck NC and Smith GS. 1982. Responses of six species of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on soybean at four-soil temperatures. New Phytol., 92(2):193-201.
Schenck, NC and Perez Y. 1990. Manual for the Identification of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi. (3rd edn). Gainesville, Florida, Synergistic Publications.
Smith SE and Read DJ. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Academic press London.
Val CD, Barea, JM and Azcon-Aguilar C. 1999. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus populations in heavy- metal- contaminated soils. Appl Environ. Microbiol., 65(2): 718-723.
Zaefarian F, Rezvani M, Rejali F, Ardakani MR and Noormohammadi G. 2010 Ability of Glomus mosseae-Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Association for Heavy Metal Phytoextraction from Soil. Environ Sci., 7(3): 77-90.
Zarei M, Hempel S, Wubet T, Schäfer SH, Savaghebi G, Jouzani GS, Nekouei MK and Buscot F. 2010. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in relation to soil chemical properties and heavy metal contamination. Environ. Pollu., 158(8): 2757-2765.
Andrew B, Brown MV, Steven DS and Peter HT. 2013. Microbial communi ty responses to anthropogenically induced environmental change: towards a systems approach. Ecol Lett. 16 (Supplement S1): 128-139.
Barea JM and Jeffries P. 1995. Arbuscular mycorrhizas in sustainable soil plant systems. In: B. Hock and A. Varma (eds) Mycorrhiza, structure, Function, Molecular Biology and biotechnology. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. 521-559.
Biró B, Posta K, Füzy A, Kádár I and Németh T. 2005. Mycorrhizal Functioning as part of the Survival Mechanisms of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at Long-term Heavy Metal Stress, Acta Biol.Szegedien. 49 (1-2): 65-67.
Carrasco L, Azcon R, Kohler J, Roldán A and Caravaca F. 2011. Comparative effects of native filamentous and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the establishment of an autochthonous, leguminous shrub growing in a metal-contaminated soil. Sci Total Environ., 409(6): 1205-1209.
Chen BD, Zhu Y.-G, Duan J, Xiao XY and Smith SE. 2007. Effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae on growth and metal uptake by four plant species in copper mine tailings. Environ Pollut. 147(2): 374-380.
Citterio S, Prato N, Fumagalli P. Aina R, Massa N, Santagostino A, Sgorbati S and Berta G. 2005. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae induces growth and metal accumulation changes in Cannabis sativa L. Chemosphere. 59(1): 21-29.
Glassman SI and Casper BB. 2012. Biotic contexts alter metal sequestration and AMF effects on plant growth in soils polluted with heavy metals. Ecology. 93(7): 1550-1559.
Gerdemann JW and Nicolson TH. 1963. Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Trans Br Mycol Soc., 46(2): 235-244.
Göhre V and Paszkowski U. 2006. Contribution of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis to Heavy Metal Phytoremediation. Planta. 223(6): 1115-1122.
Gomez KA and Gomez AA. 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research (2nd edn), An International Rice Research Institute book, A Wiley-Interscience Publication, John Willey and Sons, New York.
Hayes WJ, Chaudhry TM, Buckney RT and Khan AG. 2003. Phytoaccumulation of Trace Metals at the Sunny Corner Mine, New South Wales with Suggestions for a Possible Remediation Strategy, Aust J Toxicol., 9(1):69-82.
Jackson ML. 1985. Soil chemical analysis, 2nd edition, Madison, WI, USA.
Joner EJ and Leyval C. 2003. Phytoremediation of organic pollutants using mycorrhizal plants: a new aspect of rhizosphere interactions. Agronomie. 23(5-6): 495-502.
Khan AG, Kuek C, Chaudhry TM, Khoo CS and Hayes WJ. 2000. Role of plants,mycorrhizae and phytochelators in heavy metal contaminated land remediation. Chemosphere. 41(1-2):197-207.
Leyval C, Turnau K and Haselwandter K. 1997. Effect of heavy metal pollution on mycorrhizal colonization and function: physiological, ecological and applied aspects. Mycorrhiza. 7(3): 139-153.
Liao JP, Lin XG, Cao ZH, Shi YQ and Wong MH. 2003. Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizae and heavy metals under sand culture experiment. Chemosphere. 50(6): 847-853.
Mathur N, Bohra JSS, Quaizi A and Vyas A. 2007. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: A Potential Tool for Phytoremediation, J Plant Sci., 2(2): 127-140.
Martina J and Vosatka M. 2005. Response to Cadmium of Daucus carota hairy roots dual cultures with Glomus intraradices or Gigaspora margarita. Mycorrhiza. 15(3): 217-224.
Olexa TJ, Gentry TJ, Hartel PG. Wolfb DC, Fuhrmannc JJ and Reynoldsd CM. 2000. Mycorrhizal Colonization and microbial community structure in the rhizosphere of annual ryegrass grown in pyrene-amended soils. Int J Phytol., 2(3): 213-231.
Phillips JM and Hayman DS. 1970. Improved procedures for cleaning and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Trans Br Mycol Soc., 55(1): 158-161.
Rahmanian M, Khodaverdiloo H, Rezaee DY and Rasouli SMH. 2011. Effects of Heavy Metal Resistant Soil Microbes Inoculation and Soil Cd Concentration on Growth and Metal Uptake of Millet, Couch Grass and Alfalfa. Afr J Microbiol Res., 5(4): 403-410.
Rohyadi A, Smith FA, Murray RS and Smith SE. 2004. Effects of pH on mycorrhizal colonisation and nutrient uptake in cowpea under conditions that minimise confounding effects of elevated available aluminium. Plant Soil. 260(1-2): 283-290.
Shah FR, Ahmad N, Masood KR. Peralta-Videa JR and Ahmad FuD. 2010. Heavy Metal Toxicity in Plants. In: Ashraf, M. Ozturk M. and S.A. Ahmad (eds) Plant Adaptation and Phytoremediation, Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London, New York.71-98.
Schenck NC and Smith GS. 1982. Responses of six species of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on soybean at four-soil temperatures. New Phytol., 92(2):193-201.
Schenck, NC and Perez Y. 1990. Manual for the Identification of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi. (3rd edn). Gainesville, Florida, Synergistic Publications.
Smith SE and Read DJ. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Academic press London.
Val CD, Barea, JM and Azcon-Aguilar C. 1999. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus populations in heavy- metal- contaminated soils. Appl Environ. Microbiol., 65(2): 718-723.
Zaefarian F, Rezvani M, Rejali F, Ardakani MR and Noormohammadi G. 2010 Ability of Glomus mosseae-Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Association for Heavy Metal Phytoextraction from Soil. Environ Sci., 7(3): 77-90.
Zarei M, Hempel S, Wubet T, Schäfer SH, Savaghebi G, Jouzani GS, Nekouei MK and Buscot F. 2010. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in relation to soil chemical properties and heavy metal contamination. Environ. Pollu., 158(8): 2757-2765.
Published
2014-04-23
How to Cite
Chanda, D., GD, S., DK, J., & M, H. (2014). Associations of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the Phytoremediation of Trace Metal (TM) Contaminated Soils. Journal of Research in Biology, 4(2), 1247-1263. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/336
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