Microbiological control agents for cooling systems in hydroelectric power plants
Keywords:
Antimicrobial agents, biofilm, water treatment, biocides, biocorrosion, hydroelectric power station
Abstract
Many hydroelectric power plants and industries use chemicals to minimize problems caused by clogging and corrosion consequence from accumulated organic material in cooling systems. The chemicals used to avoid these processes must be strictly controlled, especially those based on chlorinated compounds, potential precursors of trihalomethanes, which are carcinogenic to humans and other animals. This study compared the sensitivity of potential alternatives to the use of chlorinated compounds in cooling systems, releasing free chlorine in the riverbed downstream of hydroelectric plants, besides the evaluation of the efficiency of these compounds in the control of bacteria that are surface colonizers and potential biofilms formers. Considering microbiological aspects, the results indicated three options for replacing Calcium Hypochlorite. Such products are MXD-100®, anolyte of water electrolysis system of Radical Waters®, and application of NaOH for changing the pH in cooling systems. The use of efficient methods to control the adhesion of microorganisms in cooling systems assists the power plants in reducing unscheduled maintenance of equipment that are exposed to corrosion processes influenced by microorganisms and consequently suffer mechanical failures, which interferes in the duration and frequency of electricity production interruptions
References
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Cristina López-Galindo, Carmen Garrido M, José F Casanueva and Enrique Nebot. 2010. Degradation Models and Ecotoxicity in Marine Waters of Two Antifouling Compounds : Sodium Hypochlorite and an Alkylamine Surfactant. Science of the Total Environment. 408 (8): 1779–1785.
De M, Krishna De A and Banerjee AB. 1999. Antimicrobial Screening of Some Indian Spices. Phytother. Res., 13(7): 616–618.
Emilio Eguía, Alfredo Trueba, Belén Río-Calonge, Alfredo Girón and Carlos Bielva. 2008. Biofilm Control in Tubular Heat Exchangers Refrigerated by Seawater Using Flow Inversion Physical Treatment. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 62 (2): 79–87.
FHWA and NACE. 2002. Corrosion Costs and Preventive Strategies in the United States. p. 786.
Gagnon GA, Rand JL, Leary KCO, Rygel AC, Chauret C and Andrews RC. 2005. Disinfectant Efficacy of Chlorite and Chlorine Dioxide in Drinking Water Biofilms. Water Research. 39(9): 1809–1817. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.02.004.
Gaylarde CC and Videla HA. 1992. Biocidal Control of Metals and Corrosion. 1st PanAmerican Congress on Corrosion and Protection (AAC-NACE). Mar del Plata, Argentina. p.371-378.
Gelinski JMLN, Rosa JCD, Duquesne EFAP and Baratto CM. 2007. Atividade Antibacteriana Do Óleo Essencial de Baccharis Dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) E de Seu Composto Ativo Nerolidol Em Combinação Ao EDTA Ou Lisozima. Evidencia : biotecnologia e alimentos. 7(2): 131–144.
Gentil V. 2011. Corrosão. 6ed ed. Rio de Janeiro: Livros Técnicos e Científicos Editora LTDA. 329p.
Gilliver K and Osborn EM. 1994. Substances from Seeds Plants. In: Antibiotics, 576–628. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Giordani S, Neves PS and Andreoli CV. 2005. Limnosperna Fortunei Ou Mexilhão Dourado: Impactos Causados, Métodos de Controle Passíveis de Serem Utilizados E a Importância do Controle de Sua Disseminação. In 23º Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária E Ambiental.
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Guiamet PS and Gómez de Saravia SG. 2005. Laboratory Studies of Biocorrosion Control Using Traditional and Environmentally Friendly Biocides : An Overview. Latin American Applied Research 35 (4): 295–300.
Heisey RM and Gorham BK. 1992. Antimicrobial Effects of Plant Extracts on Streptococcus Mutans, Candida Albicans, Trichophyton Rubrum and Other Micro-organisms. Lett. Appl. Microb., 14(4):136–139.
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LeChevallier MW, Cawthon CD and Lee RG. 1988. Inactivation of Biofilm Bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54 (10): 2492–2499.
Liu S, Zhu Z, Fan C, Qiu Y and Zhao J. 2011. Seasonal Variation Effects on the Formation of Trihalomethane during Chlorination of Water from Yangtze River and Associated Cancer Risk Assessment. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 23 (9): 1503–1511.
Mäder Netto OS. 2011. Controle Da Incrustação De Organismos Invasores Em Materiais De Sistemas De Resfriamento De Usinas Hidrelétricas. Universidade Federal do Paraná.
Mah TC and O’Toole GA. 2001. Mechanisms of Biofilm Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents. TRENDS in Microbiology. 9(1): 34–39.
Masood A, Dogra JVV and Jha AK. 1994. The Influence of Colouring and Pungent Agents of Red Chilli (Capsicum Annum) on Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus Flavus. Lett. Appl. Microb., 18(4): 184–186.
Mercedes Camps, Jean-françois Briand, Linda Guentas-dombrowsky, Gérald Culioli, Alexis Bazire and Yves Blache. 2011. Antifouling Activity of Commercial Biocides vs. Natural and Natural Derived Products Assessed by Marine Bacteria Adhesion Bioassay. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62(5):1032–1040.
Morato J, Mir J, Codony F, Mas J and Ribas F. 2003. Microbial Response to Disinfectants. In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology, 657–693.
NCCLS and CLSI. 2005. Normas de Desempenho Para Testes de Sensibilidade Antimicrobiana: 15o Suplemento Informativo. Wayne, Pennsylvania: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. M100-S15, 25(1):1-117.
NCCLS and CLSI. 2003. Padronização Dos Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos Por Disco-Difusão: Norma Aprovada–Oitava Edição. Wayne, Pensylvania: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. M2-A8, 23(1):1-58.
Palacios M, Pampillón JF and Rodríguez ME. 2000. Organohalogenated Compounds Levels in Chlorinated Drinking Waters and Current Compliance with Quality Standards throughout the European Union. Water Research. 34 (3): 1002–1016.
Prabhakar J, Senthilkumar M, Priya MS, Mahalakshmi K, Sehgal PK and Sukumaran VG. 2010. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Herbal Alternatives ( Triphala and Green Tea Polyphenols ), MTAD , and 5 % Sodium Hypochlorite against Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm Formed on Tooth Substrate : An In Vitro Study. Journal of Endodontics 36 (1): 83– 86.
Silva F de ASe and de Azevedo CAV. 2009. Principal Components Analysis in the Software Assistat-Statistical Assistance. In: 7th World Congress On Computers In Agriculture. RenoNV-USA: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
Simões M, Simões LC and Vieira MJ. 2010. A Review of Current and Emergent Biofilm Control Strategies.” LWT - Food Science and Technology. 43(4): 573–583.
Siqueira Jr JF, Roças IN, Cardoso CC, Macedo SB and Lopes HP. 2000. Efeitos Antibacterianos de Um Novo Medicamento - O Óleo Ozonizado - Comparados Às Pastas de Hidróxido de Cálcio. RBO: 57(4): 252-256.
Sondossi M. 2004. Biocides (Nonpublic Health, Nonagricultural Antimicrobials). In: The Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, edited by M Schaechter and J Lederberg, 147–160. London, UK: Elsevier Academic Press.
Sriyutha Murthy P, Venkatesan R, Nair KVK, Inbakandan D, Syed Jahan S, Magesh Peter D and Ravindran M. 2005. Evaluation of Sodium Hypochlorite for Fouling Control in Plate Heat Exchangers for Seawater Application. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 55(3):161–170.
Takanashi H, Urano K, Hirata M, Hano T and Ohgaki S. 2001. Method for Measuring Mutagen Formation Potential (MFP) on Chlorination as a New Water Quality Index. Water Research. 35(7): 1627–1634.
Thantsha MS and Cloete TE. 2006. The Effect of Sodium Chloride and Sodium Bicarbonate Derived Anolytes , and Anolyte-Catholyte Combination on Biofilms. Water SA. 32 (2): 237– 242.
Videla HA. 2003. Biocorrosão, Biofouling E Biodeterioração de Materiais. 1st ed. São Paulo: E. Blucher.
Xue S, Wang K, Zhao QL, and Wei LL. 2009. Chlorine Reactivity and Transformation of Effluent Dissolved Organic Fractions during Chlorination. Desalination. 249 (1): 63–71.
Associação Brasileira de Corrosão, ABRACO. 2012. Palestra Sobre a Nova ABRACO de Jorge Fernando Pereira Coelho, Vice Presidente Da ABRACO. In . http://www.abraco.org.br/NAbracoP/slide0.htm.
Baranowski JD, Davidson PM, Nagel CW and Branen AL. 1980. Inhibition of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by Naturally Occurring Hydroxycinnamates. J. of Food Sci., 45(3): 592–594.
Bauer WD and Robinson JB. 2002. Disruption of Bacterial Quorum Sensing by Other Organisms. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 13(3): 234–237.
Beech IB and Gaylarde CC. 1999. Recent Advances in the Study of Biocorrosion: an Overview. Revista de Microbiologia. 30(3): 117–190.
Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente- Conama. 2005. Resolução Conama No 357, De 17 De Março De 2005, p. 58-63.
Cristina López-Galindo, Carmen Garrido M, José F Casanueva and Enrique Nebot. 2010. Degradation Models and Ecotoxicity in Marine Waters of Two Antifouling Compounds : Sodium Hypochlorite and an Alkylamine Surfactant. Science of the Total Environment. 408 (8): 1779–1785.
De M, Krishna De A and Banerjee AB. 1999. Antimicrobial Screening of Some Indian Spices. Phytother. Res., 13(7): 616–618.
Emilio Eguía, Alfredo Trueba, Belén Río-Calonge, Alfredo Girón and Carlos Bielva. 2008. Biofilm Control in Tubular Heat Exchangers Refrigerated by Seawater Using Flow Inversion Physical Treatment. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 62 (2): 79–87.
FHWA and NACE. 2002. Corrosion Costs and Preventive Strategies in the United States. p. 786.
Gagnon GA, Rand JL, Leary KCO, Rygel AC, Chauret C and Andrews RC. 2005. Disinfectant Efficacy of Chlorite and Chlorine Dioxide in Drinking Water Biofilms. Water Research. 39(9): 1809–1817. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.02.004.
Gaylarde CC and Videla HA. 1992. Biocidal Control of Metals and Corrosion. 1st PanAmerican Congress on Corrosion and Protection (AAC-NACE). Mar del Plata, Argentina. p.371-378.
Gelinski JMLN, Rosa JCD, Duquesne EFAP and Baratto CM. 2007. Atividade Antibacteriana Do Óleo Essencial de Baccharis Dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) E de Seu Composto Ativo Nerolidol Em Combinação Ao EDTA Ou Lisozima. Evidencia : biotecnologia e alimentos. 7(2): 131–144.
Gentil V. 2011. Corrosão. 6ed ed. Rio de Janeiro: Livros Técnicos e Científicos Editora LTDA. 329p.
Gilliver K and Osborn EM. 1994. Substances from Seeds Plants. In: Antibiotics, 576–628. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Giordani S, Neves PS and Andreoli CV. 2005. Limnosperna Fortunei Ou Mexilhão Dourado: Impactos Causados, Métodos de Controle Passíveis de Serem Utilizados E a Importância do Controle de Sua Disseminação. In 23º Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária E Ambiental.
Gorman J, Arey M and Koch G. 2001. Cost of Corrosion in the Electric Power Industry.
Guiamet PS and Gómez de Saravia SG. 2005. Laboratory Studies of Biocorrosion Control Using Traditional and Environmentally Friendly Biocides : An Overview. Latin American Applied Research 35 (4): 295–300.
Heisey RM and Gorham BK. 1992. Antimicrobial Effects of Plant Extracts on Streptococcus Mutans, Candida Albicans, Trichophyton Rubrum and Other Micro-organisms. Lett. Appl. Microb., 14(4):136–139.
Héquet A, Humblot V, Berjeaud JM and Pradier CM. 2011. Optimized Grafting of Antimicrobial Peptides on Stainless Steel Surface and Biofilm Resistance Tests. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces:84(2): 301-309.
Hong HC, Liang Y, Han BP, Mazumder A and Wong MH. 2007. Modeling of Trihalomethane (THM) Formation via Chlorination of the Water from Dongjiang River (source Water for Hong Kong’s Drinking Water). Science of The Total Environment. 385 (1-3): 48–54.
Hong H, Xiong Y, Ruan M, Liao F, Lin H and Liang Y. 2013. Factors Affecting THMs, HAAs and HNMs Formation of Jin Lan Reservoir Water Exposed to Chlorine and Monochloramine. Science of The Total Environment. 444: 196–204.
Lavania, Meeta, Priyangshu M Sarma, Ajoy K Mandal, Simrita Cheema and Banwari Lai. 2011. Efficacy of Natural Biocide on Control of Microbial Induced Corrosion in Oil Pipelines Mediated by Desulfovibrio Vulgaris and Desulfovibrio Gigas. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 23 (8): 1394–1402.
LeChevallier MW, Cawthon CD and Lee RG. 1988. Inactivation of Biofilm Bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 54 (10): 2492–2499.
Liu S, Zhu Z, Fan C, Qiu Y and Zhao J. 2011. Seasonal Variation Effects on the Formation of Trihalomethane during Chlorination of Water from Yangtze River and Associated Cancer Risk Assessment. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 23 (9): 1503–1511.
Mäder Netto OS. 2011. Controle Da Incrustação De Organismos Invasores Em Materiais De Sistemas De Resfriamento De Usinas Hidrelétricas. Universidade Federal do Paraná.
Mah TC and O’Toole GA. 2001. Mechanisms of Biofilm Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents. TRENDS in Microbiology. 9(1): 34–39.
Masood A, Dogra JVV and Jha AK. 1994. The Influence of Colouring and Pungent Agents of Red Chilli (Capsicum Annum) on Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus Flavus. Lett. Appl. Microb., 18(4): 184–186.
Mercedes Camps, Jean-françois Briand, Linda Guentas-dombrowsky, Gérald Culioli, Alexis Bazire and Yves Blache. 2011. Antifouling Activity of Commercial Biocides vs. Natural and Natural Derived Products Assessed by Marine Bacteria Adhesion Bioassay. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62(5):1032–1040.
Morato J, Mir J, Codony F, Mas J and Ribas F. 2003. Microbial Response to Disinfectants. In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology, 657–693.
NCCLS and CLSI. 2005. Normas de Desempenho Para Testes de Sensibilidade Antimicrobiana: 15o Suplemento Informativo. Wayne, Pennsylvania: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. M100-S15, 25(1):1-117.
NCCLS and CLSI. 2003. Padronização Dos Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos Por Disco-Difusão: Norma Aprovada–Oitava Edição. Wayne, Pensylvania: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. M2-A8, 23(1):1-58.
Palacios M, Pampillón JF and Rodríguez ME. 2000. Organohalogenated Compounds Levels in Chlorinated Drinking Waters and Current Compliance with Quality Standards throughout the European Union. Water Research. 34 (3): 1002–1016.
Prabhakar J, Senthilkumar M, Priya MS, Mahalakshmi K, Sehgal PK and Sukumaran VG. 2010. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Herbal Alternatives ( Triphala and Green Tea Polyphenols ), MTAD , and 5 % Sodium Hypochlorite against Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm Formed on Tooth Substrate : An In Vitro Study. Journal of Endodontics 36 (1): 83– 86.
Silva F de ASe and de Azevedo CAV. 2009. Principal Components Analysis in the Software Assistat-Statistical Assistance. In: 7th World Congress On Computers In Agriculture. RenoNV-USA: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.
Simões M, Simões LC and Vieira MJ. 2010. A Review of Current and Emergent Biofilm Control Strategies.” LWT - Food Science and Technology. 43(4): 573–583.
Siqueira Jr JF, Roças IN, Cardoso CC, Macedo SB and Lopes HP. 2000. Efeitos Antibacterianos de Um Novo Medicamento - O Óleo Ozonizado - Comparados Às Pastas de Hidróxido de Cálcio. RBO: 57(4): 252-256.
Sondossi M. 2004. Biocides (Nonpublic Health, Nonagricultural Antimicrobials). In: The Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, edited by M Schaechter and J Lederberg, 147–160. London, UK: Elsevier Academic Press.
Sriyutha Murthy P, Venkatesan R, Nair KVK, Inbakandan D, Syed Jahan S, Magesh Peter D and Ravindran M. 2005. Evaluation of Sodium Hypochlorite for Fouling Control in Plate Heat Exchangers for Seawater Application. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 55(3):161–170.
Takanashi H, Urano K, Hirata M, Hano T and Ohgaki S. 2001. Method for Measuring Mutagen Formation Potential (MFP) on Chlorination as a New Water Quality Index. Water Research. 35(7): 1627–1634.
Thantsha MS and Cloete TE. 2006. The Effect of Sodium Chloride and Sodium Bicarbonate Derived Anolytes , and Anolyte-Catholyte Combination on Biofilms. Water SA. 32 (2): 237– 242.
Videla HA. 2003. Biocorrosão, Biofouling E Biodeterioração de Materiais. 1st ed. São Paulo: E. Blucher.
Xue S, Wang K, Zhao QL, and Wei LL. 2009. Chlorine Reactivity and Transformation of Effluent Dissolved Organic Fractions during Chlorination. Desalination. 249 (1): 63–71.
Published
2014-06-30
How to Cite
Marangoni, P. R., Poitevin, C. G., Dalzoto, P. R., Berton, M. A., & Pimentel, I. C. (2014). Microbiological control agents for cooling systems in hydroelectric power plants. Journal of Research in Biology, 4(5), 1371-1380. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/353
Section
Articles
