Lung parasites of the genus Metastrongylus Molin, 1861 (Nematoda: Metastrongilidae) in wild boar (Suc scrofa barbarus) in Middle Atlas Region of Morocco: an epidemiological study

Amayour A; El Alaoui Z; Alkhali A; Hassouni T; El kharrim K; Belghyti D

Amayour A Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133 P. O. Box 14000, Kenitra
El Alaoui Z Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133 P. O. Box 14000, Kenitra
Alkhali A Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133 P. O. Box 14000, Kenitra
Hassouni T Laboratory of Scientific Research and Educational in the Mediterranean World, Regional Center for Education and Formation, Meknes, MOROCCO
El kharrim K Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133 P. O. Box 14000, Kenitra
Belghyti D Laboratory of Agro-Physiology, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, B.P. 133 P. O. Box 14000, Kenitra

Keywords: Parasite, helminth, metastrogylus, sus scrofa, Morocco

Abstract

Although the helminth parasites of domestic hogs are well documented worldwide, no information is available about the digestive and pulmonary helminth infections of wild boar in Morocco. The lungs of 33 wild boars (Sus scrofa barbarus) (19 females and 14 males) from four area of El Hajeb province (Middle Atlas) hunted officially for wildlife damage control, from October 2014 to March 2015 were examined for lung nematodes. Twenty eight out of 33 wild baors, (84.4%) were positive for three species of Metastrongylus and their prevalence was as follows: Metastrongylus pudendotectus (84.4%), Metastrongylus confusus (72.7%) and Metastrongylus salmi (51.5%). In most cases, multi-species infection was observed. Prevalence and infection intensity were found greater in juvenile females less than 1 year old than in adults and males. Prevalence and intensity of infection were higher in wild boars collected from range lands and forest than in wild boars collected in the cultivate area. Further studies are needed to understand the factors structuring Metstrongylidae communites.

References

Acevedo P, Quirós-Fernández F, Casal J and Vicente J. (2014). Spatial distribution of wild boar population abundance: Basic information for spatial epidemiology and wildlife management. Ecological Indicators, 36:594–600. doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.09.019.

Alcaide M, Frontera E, Rodríguez MJ, Sáez IE, Domínguez-Alpízar JL, Reina D and Navarrete I. (2005). Parasitosis pulmonares del cerdo ibérico: situación actual de la metastrongilosis en España. Mundo Ganadero, 176: 40–44.

Aulagnier S and Thévenot M. (1986). Catalogue des Mammifères sauvages du Maroc. Trav. Institute Scientifique, (41): 163

Bertr and Vedrine. (2006). Incidence du parasitisme pulmonaire et digestif sur les retards de croissance du sanglier sauvage (Sus scrofa), 15 – 20 (In France).

Boitani L and Mattei L. (1992). Aging wild boar (Sus scrofa) by tooth eruption. In: “Ongulés/Ungulates 91”. Spitz F, Janeau G, Gonzalez G and Aulagnier S. (eds), S.F.E.P.M.- I.R.G.M., Paris-Toulouse: 419-421.

Fraczak K. (1974). An attempt at determining the role of parasites as a factor controlling the numbers of a wild boar (Sus scrofa) population. Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 20(5): 747–749.

Humbert JF and Henry C. (1989). Studies on the prevalence and the transmission of lung and stomach nematodes of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in France. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 25(3): 335–341.

De-la-muela N, Hernandez-de-lujan S and Ferre I. (2001). Helminths of wild boar in Spain. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37(4): 840–843.

Diana G, Luca R, Gregorio M, Encarna C, Rose V, Pawel N, Emmanuel S, Joaquim S, Fernandez-Llario P and Carles F. (2014). An identification key for the five most common species of Metastrongylus. Parasitology Research, 113(9):3495–3500. doi 10.1007/s00436-014-4001-y

Epe C, Spellmeyer O and Stoye M. (1997). Investigations on the occurrence of endoparasites in wild boars. Zeitschrift Fuer Jagdwissenschaft, 43(2): 99–104 (in German)

Holló F. (1965). Investigations on Metastrongylosis in swine II. Some remarks to morphology of Metastrongylus salmi, Gedoelst, 1923 with special reference to its differentiation from M. apri. Acta veterinaria Academiae Scientiarum Huaricae, 15(3): 259–268.

Houszka M. (2001). Metastrongylosis as an agent in the population decrease of wild boars. Medycyna Weterynaryina, 57(9):638–640 (In Polish).

Jansen Jr J. (1964). On the lungworms of the wild boar Sus scrofa L. in the Netherlands, with a description of Metastrongylus confusus n. sp. Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde, 89(17):1205–1211.

Jarvis T, Kapel C, Moks E, Talvik H and Magi E. (2007). Helminths of wild boar in the isolated population close to the northern border of its habitat area. Veterinary Parasitology, 150(4): 366–369.

Morita T, Haruta K, Shibata-Haruta A, Kanda E, Imai S and Ike K. (2007). Lung worms of wild boars in the western region of Tokyo, Japan. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 69(4): 417–420.

Nosal P, Kowal J and Nowosad B. (2010). Structure of Metastrongylidae in wild boars from southern Poland. Helminthologia, 47(4): 212–218. doi: 10.2478/s11687-010-0033-8.

Poulin R. (1997). Population abundance and sex ratio in dioecious helminth parasites. Oecologia, 111(3): 375-380.

Roche M and Patrzek D. (1966). The female to male ratio (FMR) in hookworm. Journal of Parasitology, 52(1): 117- 121.

Rozsa L, Reiczigel J and Majoros G. (2000). Quantifying parasites in samples of hosts. Journal of Parasitology, 86(2): 228 –232.

Lung parasites of the genus Metastrongylus Molin, 1861 (Nematoda: Metastrongilidae) in wild boar (Suc scrofa barbarus) in Middle Atlas Region of Morocco: an epidemiological study

Abstract

References

Information