Antiparasitic activity of Alstonia boonei De Wild. (Apocynaceae) against Toxoplasma gondii along with its cellular and acute toxicity
Keywords:
Alstonia boonei, Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii, HFF cells, toxicity
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma) and malaria (Plasmodium) are two disease caused by parasites of the phylum Apicomplex. The treatment of toxoplasmosis is similar to that of malaria. Traditionally, Alstonia boonei De Willd. (Apocynaceae) is a plant widely used in the treatment of malaria. This study was conducted to assess the antiparasite activity of the 70% hydroethanolic extract of A. boonei on Toxoplasma gondii and to study its cellular and acute toxicity. The in vitro parasitic and cytotoxic assays were performed on HFF cells while the acute in vivo toxicity was performed on (Swiss) mice. The ethanolic extract stopped the proliferation of T. gondii with an IC50 of 0.13 mg/mL. This extract is neither toxic to HFF cells nor to mice at doses lower than 15000 mg/kg/Vo bw. No signs of behavioural toxicity were observed at this same dose. This confirms the traditional use and its safety in the treatment of phylum apicomplex parasites.
References
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Majekodunmi SO, Adegoke OA and Odeku OA. 2008. Formulation of the extract of the stem bark of Alstonia boonei as tablet dosage form. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 7(2): 987-994.
Mossman T. 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assay. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2): 55-63
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Phillipson JD and Wright CW. 1991. Medicinal plants against protozoal diseases. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85(1): 18-21.
Torda A. 2001. Toxoplasmosis. Are cats really the source?. Australian Family Physician, 30(8): 743-747.
Vasanth S, Gopal RH, Rao RH and Rao RB. 1990. Plant anti-malarial agents. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 49(2): 68-77.
Wright CW, Allen D, Phillipson JD, Kirby GC, Warhurst DC, Massiot G and Men-Olivier LL. 1993. Alstonia species: are they effective in malaria treatment? Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 40(1): 41-45.
Akinmoladun AC, Ibukun EO, Afor E, Akinrinlola BL, Onibon TR, Akinboboye AO, Obuotor EM and Farombi EO. 2007. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Alstonia boonei. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(10): 1197-1201.
Behrens B and Karber C. 1935. Wie sind reihenversuche fur biologische auswertungen am zweckmässigsten anzuordnen?. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv für experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie, 177(2-1): 379-388.
Béné K. 2017. Plantes médicinales du Gontougo (District du Zanzan, Côte d’Ivoire): inventaire, évaluation des activités pharmacologiques de deux plantes et formulation d’une pommade dermatologique à partir de l’extrait hydroalcoolique de Bersama abyssinica fresen. (Melianthaceae). Thèse Unique de Doctorat, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 198 p.
Berger JR. 2003. Mass lesions of the brain in AIDS: the dilemmas of distinguishing toxoplasmosis from primary CNS lymphoma. American Journal of Neuroradiolology, 24(4): 554-555.
Botté C. 2007. Études structurales, cellulaires et pharmacologiques de la synthèse des galactolipides chez Arabidopsis thaliana et Toxoplasma gondii. Thèse de Doctorat de Biologie, Université Joseph-Fourier-Grenoble I, France, 230 p.
Bouquet A and Debray M. 1974. Plantes médicinales de la Côte-d’Ivoire. ORSTOM. Paris, 232 p. (In French)
Camara D. 2011. Étude de la voie de biosynthèse du folate: caractérisation biochimique et recherche d'inhibiteurs de la formation de l'acide para-aminobenzoïque. Thèse de Doctorat de Biologie, Université De Grenoble, France, 172 p.
Camara D, Béné K, Gnahoue G, Fofie N’gBY, Zirihi GN. 2016. Étude ethnobotanique, évaluation de l’activité antifongique sur Candida albicans et de la toxicité sur des cellules HFF de Bersama abyssinica (Fresen.), une plante de la pharmacopée ivoirienne. European Scientific Journal, 12(3): 171-185.
Chime SA, Ugwuoke EC, Onyishi IV, Brown SA and Onunkwo GC. 2013. Formulation and evaluation of Alstonia boonei stem bark powder tablets. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 75(2): 226-203.
Coularie MP. 2012. Étude phytochimique et pharmacologique de plantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie à potentialités anti-dengue. Thèse en chimie des substances naturelles, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédoine, Nouméa, 290 p.
Fofana S. 2004. Exploration biochimique sur le pouvoir immunogène de trois plantes en Côte d’Ivoire : Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae), Mitragyna ciliata (Rubiaceae) et Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae). Thèse Doctorat Pharmacie, Université de Bamako. 123 p.
Gnahoué G, Béné K and Coulibaly K. 2015. Étude botanique, screening phytochimique et activité anticandidosique in vitro de Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw.) Warb. (Myristicaceae). European Scientific Journal, 11(36): 241-252.
Kipré GR, Offoumou RM’B, Silué KD, Bouablé GM, Zirihi GN and Djaman AJ. 2018. Antiplasmodial activity and phytochemical screening of Landolphia heudelotii, Mitragyna ledermannii and Spathodea campanulata, three traditional plants. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(1): 358-360.
Lichtfield JF and Wilcoxon FA. 1949. A simplified method of evaluation doses effects experiments. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 96(2): 99-113.
Majekodunmi SO, Adegoke OA and Odeku OA. 2008. Formulation of the extract of the stem bark of Alstonia boonei as tablet dosage form. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 7(2): 987-994.
Mossman T. 1983. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assay. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2): 55-63
Osadebe PO. 2002. Anti-inflammatory properties of the root bark of A. boonei. Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 6: 39-41.
Phillipson JD and Wright CW. 1991. Medicinal plants against protozoal diseases. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85(1): 18-21.
Torda A. 2001. Toxoplasmosis. Are cats really the source?. Australian Family Physician, 30(8): 743-747.
Vasanth S, Gopal RH, Rao RH and Rao RB. 1990. Plant anti-malarial agents. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 49(2): 68-77.
Wright CW, Allen D, Phillipson JD, Kirby GC, Warhurst DC, Massiot G and Men-Olivier LL. 1993. Alstonia species: are they effective in malaria treatment? Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 40(1): 41-45.
Published
2018-10-04
How to Cite
Camara, D., Bene, K., Coulibaly, K., Kanga, Y., & Zirihi, G. N. (2018). Antiparasitic activity of Alstonia boonei De Wild. (Apocynaceae) against Toxoplasma gondii along with its cellular and acute toxicity. Journal of Research in Biology, 8(7), 2558-2565. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/486
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