Study on the relationship between silent mutations and quantitative trait Loci genes in cattle
Keywords:
Silent mutation, QTL, Genes, Cattle
Abstract
Silent mutation is one among the mutations that occurs in coding and non-coding regions of different genes which governs the protein function. Often the sequences lead to variance in one of the amino acids because of the triplet code therefore with low percentages and non-significantly changing genetic code expressions they influence on protein function and folding. Mostly, the secondary structure for mRNA will be altered and correlated with Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) which are a part of DNA and associated with phenotype, quantitative trait variance and can be identified by SNPs and AFLPs. These are related polygenic genes found on different chromosomes that are responsible for quantitative traits and change continuously. This review explains the importance of silent mutations and their relation with quantitative characteristics such as productivity as well as performance of the cattle.
References
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Uijan JA, Zan LS, Uijan SA, Adoligbe C and Wang HB. 2011. Back fat thickness and meat tenderness are associated with a 526 T→A mutation in the exon I promoter region of the MyF-5 gene in Chinese Bos Taurus. Genetics and Molecular Research, 10(4): 3070-3079.
Xu QL, Chen YL, Rui-Xia M and Xue P. 2008. Polymorphism of DGAT1 associated with intra muscular fat mediated tenderness in sheep. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89(2): 232-237.
Xue K, Chen H, Wang S, Cai X, Liu B, Zhang CF, lei CZ, Wang XZ, Wang YM and Niu H. 2006. Effect of genetic variation of the POUIF1 gene on growth traits of Nanyang cattle. Acta Genetica Sinica, 33(10): 901-907.
Yang JT, Zang RX, Liu WJ, Xu HW, Bai JL, Lu JX and Wa JP. 2011. Polymorphism of a mutation of DGAT1 gene in four Chinese indigenous sheep breed. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6(5): 460-468.
Yang GL, Fu DL, Lang X, Wang YT, Shu CR, Fang SL and Luo YZ. 2013. Mutation in MCIR gene determine black goat color phenotype in Chinese sheep The Scientific World Journal, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2013: 1-8.
Zhao Q, Davis ME and Hines HC. 2004. Associations of polymorphisms in the Pit-1 gene with growth and carcass traits in Angus beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 82(8): 2229-2233.
Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Peters SO, Akwanji KA, Imumorin IG and Zhao X. 2016. High density genome wide genotyping by-sequencing and association identifies common and low frequency SNPs and novel candidate genes influencing cow milk traits. Scientific Reports, 6: 1-61.
Al-Samarai WI and Ali HY. 2018. Association of lactoferrin gene polymorphisms with milk production and composition. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 49(2): 200 -204.
Brooker R. 2017. Genetics: analysis and principles. 6th ed. McGraw - Hill Higher education. 864 P. ISBN 9781259616020.
Calero TF, Cabrera FC, Ehrlich R and Marin M. 2016. Silent polymorphisms: can the tRNA population explain changes in protein properties?. Life (Basel), 6(1): 1- 9.
Czarnik U. 2000. Breeding and genetic population aspects of the occurrence of BLAD (Bovine Leukocyte Adhension Deficiency) in black and white cattle. Virtual, 1(1): 1-44.
Czarnik U, Galinski M, Pareek CHS, Zabolewicz T and Wielgosz-Groth Z. 2007. Study of an association between SNP 775 C>T within the bovine ITBG2 gene and milk performance traits in black and white cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 52(1): 1-6 .
Czarnik U, Zabolewicz T, Galinski M, Pareek CS. and Walawski K. 2004. Silent point mutation polymorphism of the bovine CD 18 encoding gene. Journal of Applied Genetics, 45(1): 73-76.
Czech A, Zhang G, lgnatovg Z and Ivan F. 2010. Silent mutations in sight: Co-variations in tRNA abundance as a key to unravel consequences of silent mutations. Molecular Bio System, 6(10): 1767-1772.
Duan X, Chen S, He H, Liu X and Liu Y. 2015. NCAPG is differentially expressed during longissimus muscle development and is associated with growth traits in Chinese Qinchuan beef cattle. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 38(4): 450-456.
Ghanem MF and Nishibori M. 2018. Haplotypess associated with fetal death and abortion in Holstein cows with special reference to the situation in Japan. The Journal of Animal Genetics, 46(1): 25-30.
Kotikalapudi R, Kumar PR, Kushwah RS and Sunkara PSS. 2014. Identification citrullinaemia carrier and detection of a new silent mutation at 240 bp position in ASS1 gene of normal Holstein cattle. Genetika, 46(2): 515-520.
Komar AA. 2007. Silent SNPs impact on gene function and phenotype. Pharmacogenomics, 8(8): 1075-1080.
Liu X, Tahir U, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xu X, Wu M, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Li Q, Liu L, Shi W, Qin C, Geng F, Wang C, Tan R, Xixia H, Liu A, Wu H, Tan S and Yu Y. 2015. Polymorphisms in epigenic and meat quality related genes in fourteen cattle breeds and association with beef quality and carcass traits. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 28(4): 467-475.
Mueller S, Coleman JR and Wimmer E. 2009. Putting synthesis into biology: a viral view of genetic engineering through de novo gene and genome synthesis. Chemistry and Biology, 16(3): 337-347.
Mueller WF. Larsen LSZ, Garibaldi A, Hatfield GW and Hertel KJ. 2015. The silent sway of splicing by synonymous substitutions. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 290(46): 27700-27711.
Nayyef IA. 2018. Genetic parameters for scabies disease and relation with interleukin 12 concentration in sheep. Plant Archives, 18(2): 1297-1300.
Patel M, Patel RK, Singh KM, Rank DN, Thakur MC and Khan A. 2011. Detection of genetic polymorphism in CD18 gene in cattle by PCR- RFLP. Wayamba Journal of Animal Science, 3: 110-111.
Patel RK, Kotikalapudi R and Sunkara PS. 2015. Detection of new silent mutation at 348 bp position in a CD18 gene in Holstein cattle normal and heterozygous for bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome. Iranian journal of Applied of Animal Science, 5(1): 47-50.
Peter T and Sian E. 2004. Elements of medical genetics. chapter 9. 12th ed, Churchill Livingstone, 464 P.
Proud U and Roberts H. 2007. Medical genetics multifactorial inheritance. Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters http:// www.chkd.org/health library/content asp pagedpo 2134.
Roy A, Kotikalapudi R, Patel RK, Anantaneni R and Katragadda S. 2012. New cases of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) carriers in Indian Holstein cattle. International Journal of Veterinary Science, 1(2): 80-82.
Shabalina SA, Ogurtsov AY and Spiridonov NA. 2006. A periodic pattern of mRNA secondary structure. Created by the genetic code. Nucleic Acids Research, 34 (8): 2428-2437.
Stylianos E, Antonaraki S and David N. 2013. Human gene mutation in inherited disease. In: Emery and Rimoin's Principles practice of Medical Genetics, Review, 4700 P. ISBN: 978-0-12-383834-6.
Uijan JA, Zan LS, Uijan SA, Adoligbe C and Wang HB. 2011. Back fat thickness and meat tenderness are associated with a 526 T→A mutation in the exon I promoter region of the MyF-5 gene in Chinese Bos Taurus. Genetics and Molecular Research, 10(4): 3070-3079.
Xu QL, Chen YL, Rui-Xia M and Xue P. 2008. Polymorphism of DGAT1 associated with intra muscular fat mediated tenderness in sheep. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89(2): 232-237.
Xue K, Chen H, Wang S, Cai X, Liu B, Zhang CF, lei CZ, Wang XZ, Wang YM and Niu H. 2006. Effect of genetic variation of the POUIF1 gene on growth traits of Nanyang cattle. Acta Genetica Sinica, 33(10): 901-907.
Yang JT, Zang RX, Liu WJ, Xu HW, Bai JL, Lu JX and Wa JP. 2011. Polymorphism of a mutation of DGAT1 gene in four Chinese indigenous sheep breed. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6(5): 460-468.
Yang GL, Fu DL, Lang X, Wang YT, Shu CR, Fang SL and Luo YZ. 2013. Mutation in MCIR gene determine black goat color phenotype in Chinese sheep The Scientific World Journal, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2013: 1-8.
Zhao Q, Davis ME and Hines HC. 2004. Associations of polymorphisms in the Pit-1 gene with growth and carcass traits in Angus beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 82(8): 2229-2233.
Published
2019-09-28
How to Cite
Nayyef, I. A. (2019). Study on the relationship between silent mutations and quantitative trait Loci genes in cattle. Journal of Research in Biology, 9(6), 2736-2740. Retrieved from https://ojs.jresearchbiology.com/ojs1/index.php/jrb/article/view/502
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