Journal of Research in Biology Effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro organogenesis in cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L
Abstract
An efficient and reproducible protocol for organogenesis from cotyledon explants in cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv S-22 is reported. The cotyledon explants of 10-12 days old excised from in vitro grown seedlings were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5-5.0 mg/L BAP as a sole growth regulator and also in combination with 0.1 mg/L IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid). Highest percentage of response for callus induction was recorded in cotyledon explants at 3.0 mg/L BAP where as multiple adventitious shoots were formed at 0.1 mg/L IAA + 2.5-5.0 mg/L BAP containing medium. Shoots obtained were transferred on to MS medium augmented with 0.2-1.0 mg/L GA3 + 3.5 mg/L BAP for shoot elongation. The medium supplemented with 0.6 mg/L GA3 in combination with 3.5 mg/L BAP showed the maximum percentage of enhancement of shoot elongation. For in vitro rooting, elongated micro-shoots were transferred onto MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg/L Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) / Indole butyric acid (IBA) / Napthalene acetic acid (NAA). Profuse rhizogenesis was observed at 0.5 mg/L IAA compared to NAA / IBA. The regenerated plants were acclimatized in the culture room and maintained in the green house and transferred to the field. These plants were found to be normal and similar to the donar plant. Thus, an efficient and reproducible protocol has been developed in cultivated tomato cv S-22 which is genotype dependent. This protocol can be used for Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated genetic transformation in tomato cv S-22
References
Bhatia P, Nanjappa A, Tissa S and David M. 2004. Tissue Culture studies in tomato (Lycoperiscon esculentum) Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult., 78:1-21.
Chen H, Zhang J, Zhuang T and Zhou G. 1999. Studies on optimum hormone levels for tomato plant regeneration from hypocotyls explants cultured in vitro. Acta Agric. Shanghai 15:26-29.
Evans DA. 1989. Somaclonal variation – genetic basis and breeding applications Trends Genet 5:46-50.
Fariduddin M, Taher A, Islam SMA and Hossain MZ. 2004. Effect of Variety and Plant Growth Regulators in MS Medium on Shoot Induction from Virus Infected Calli of Tomato. Journal of Biological Sciences 4(4):52-526.
Geetha N, Venkatachalam P, Reddy PS and Rajaseger G. 1998. In vitro plant regeneration from leaf callus cultures of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Adv. Plant Sci., 11:253-257.
Godishala V, Mangamoori L and Nanna R. 2011. Plant regeneration via Somatic embryogenesis in cultiveted tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). J Cell & Tiss Res 11:2521-2528.
Gubis J, Lajchova Z, Farago J and Jurekova, Z. 2003. Effect of genotype and explant type on shoot regeneration in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in vitro Czech J.Genet. Plant Breed 39:9-14.
Gunay AL and Rao PS. 1980. In vitro propagation of hybrid tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) using hypocotyl and cotyledon explants. Ann. Bot., 45:205-207.
Hamza SY and Chupeau. 1993. Re-evolution of conditions for plant regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). J Exp Bot 44:1837-1845.
Ling HQ, Kriseleit D and Ganal MG. 1998. Effect of ticarcillin /potassium clavulanate on callus growth and shoot regeneration in Agrobacterium mediated transformation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Plant Cell Rep 17:843-847.
McCormick S, Niedermeyer J, Fry J, Barnason A, Horsch R and Fraley R. 1986. Leaf disc transformation of cultivated tomato (L. esculentum) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Plant Cell Rep 5:81-84.
Mensuali-Sodi A, Panizza M and Tognoni F. 1995. Endogenous ethylene requirement for adventitious root induction and growth in tomato cotyledons and lavandin microcuttings in vitro. Plant Growth Regul., 17:205-212.
Murashige T and Skoog F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant 15:473-497.
Oktem HA, Bulbul Y, Oktem E and Yucel .1999. Regeneration and Agrobactrerium – mediated transformation studies in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Tr. J. of Botany 23: 345-348.
Park YG and Son SH. 1988. In vitro organogenesis and somaticembryogenesis from punctured leaf of Populus nigra P. maximowiezii. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult., 15:95-105.
Plastira VA and Perdikaris AK. 1997. Effect of genotype and explant type in regeneration frequency of tomato in vitro. Acta Horti., 231-234.
Praveen Mamidala and Rama Swamy Nanna. 2011. Effect of genotype, explant source and medium on invitro regeneration of tomato International Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology 3(3):45-50.
Van Roekel JSC, Damm B, Melchers LS and Hoekema A. 1993.Factors influencing transformation frequency of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum).Plant Cell Rep 12:644-647.
Wing AR, Zhang BH and Tanksley DS. 1994. Map-based cloning in crop plants: tomato as a model system.I. Genetic and physical mapping of joint less Mol., Gen. Gene 242:681-688.
Ye Li HX and Zhou GL. 1994. In vitro culture of tomato cotyledons and regenerated plants J Huazhong Agric Uni 13:291-295.
Zelcer A, Soferman O and Izhar S. 1984. An in vitro screening for tomato genotypes exhibiting efficient shoot regeneration. J Plant Physiol., 115:211-215.
